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The nine essays gathered here pursue the provocative implications of Toni Morrison's claim that no early American writer was more important than Poe in shaping a concept of "American Africanism," an image of racialized blackness destined to haunt the Euro-American imagination. As contributors
to this volume reveal, Poe's response to the "shadow" of blackness--like his participation in the cultural construction of whiteness--was both problematic and revealing. Born in Boston but raised mostly in Richmond, surrounded by the practices of slaveholding culture, Poe seems to have shared
notions of racial hierarchy and Anglo-Saxon supremacy pervasive on both sides of the Mason-Dixon line. That he promulgated racist stereotypes in depicting black servants--his Jupiters and Pompeys--cannot be denied; that he complicated these stereotypes with veiled, subversive implications, however,
gives his fiction peculiar relevance to the task of historicizing racial attitudes in antebellum culture. Was Poe an unabashed proslavery apologist, a careerist who avoided racial politics, a "gradualist" who hoped slavery would just disappear, or an ideological chameleon? Were Poe's views on race
extreme or unusual? Overtly, in tales such as "The Gold-Bug," "The Journal of Julius Rodman," and The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, and covertly in such works as "The Black Cat" and "Hop-Frog," Poe alternately caricatured and demonized the racial Other, yet he often endowed such figures with
shrewdness and resourcefulness, at times portraying their defiance as inevitable and even understandable. In Romancing the Shadow, leading interpreters of nineteenth-century Americanliterature and culture debate Poe's role in inventing the African of the white imagination. Their readings represent
an array of positions, and while they reflect some consensus about Poe's investment in racialized types and tropes, they also testify to the surprising ways that race embedded itself in his work--and the diverse conclusions that can be drawn therefrom.
The nine essays gathered here pursue the provocative implications of Toni Morrison's claim that no early American writer was more important than Poe in shaping a concept of "American Africanism," an image of racialized blackness destined to haunt the Euro-American imagination. As contributors
to this volume reveal, Poe's response to the "shadow" of blackness--like his participation in the cultural construction of whiteness--was both problematic and revealing. Born in Boston but raised mostly in Richmond, surrounded by the practices of slaveholding culture, Poe seems to have shared
notions of racial hierarchy and Anglo-Saxon supremacy pervasive on both sides of the Mason-Dixon line. That he promulgated racist stereotypes in depicting black servants--his Jupiters and Pompeys--cannot be denied; that he complicated these stereotypes with veiled, subversive implications, however,
gives his fiction peculiar relevance to the task of historicizing racial attitudes in antebellum culture. Was Poe an unabashed proslavery apologist, a careerist who avoided racial politics, a "gradualist" who hoped slavery would just disappear, or an ideological chameleon? Were Poe's views on race
extreme or unusual? Overtly, in tales such as "The Gold-Bug," "The Journal of Julius Rodman," and The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, and covertly in such works as "The Black Cat" and "Hop-Frog," Poe alternately caricatured and demonized the racial Other, yet he often endowed such figures with
shrewdness and resourcefulness, at times portraying their defiance as inevitable and even understandable. In Romancing the Shadow, leading interpreters of nineteenth-century Americanliterature and culture debate Poe's role in inventing the African of the white imagination. Their readings represent
an array of positions, and while they reflect some consensus about Poe's investment in racialized types and tropes, they also testify to the surprising ways that race embedded itself in his work--and the diverse conclusions that can be drawn therefrom.
J. Gerald Kennedy and Liliane Weissberg: Introduction: Poe, Race,
and Contemporary Criticism
1: Terence Whalen: Average Racism: Poe, Slavery, and the Wages of
Literary Nationalism
2: Betsy Erkkila: The Poetics of Whiteness: Poe and the Racial
Imaginary
3: John Carlos Rowe: Edgar Allan Poe's Imperial Fantasy and the
American Frontier
4: Joan Dayan: Poe, Persons, and Property
5: Liliane Weissberg: Black, White, and Gold
6: Lindon Barrett: Presence of Mind: Detection and Racialization in
"The Murders in the Rue Morgue"
7: Elise Lemire: "The Murders in the Rue Morgue": Amalgamation
Discourses and the Race Riots of 1838 in Poe's Philadelphia
8: Leland Person: Poe's Philosophy of Amalgamation: Reading Racism
in the Tales
9: J. Gerald Kennedy: "Trust No Man": Poe, Douglass, and the
Culture of Slavery
Bibliography
"The ideas presented in Romancing the Shadow...stand as important
additions to the field of Poe studies."--American Studies
International
"With nine varied essays, Romancing the Shadow addresses
provocatively the vexed topic of Poe and race. With attention to
both text and context, the authors of these essays elaborate a
range of responses to the subject matter, ably demonstrating the
validity of Toni Morrison's view that 'no early American writer is
more important to the concept of American Africanism than
Poe.'"--Richard Kopley, Pennsylvania State University, DuBois
"The essays included in this volume treat this subject with a
variety of historical and theoretical approaches, and no two essays
reach the same conclusion. It is a fascinating exercise in
professional, critical dialogue, and readers of the volume will
learn much. What they will learn will not just concern Poe. The
essays in Romancing the Shadow raise provocative questions for
American literary studies more generally, questions that go to the
heart of
our previous and present practice."--Dana Nelson, University of
Kentucky
"The ideas presented in Romancing the Shadow...stand as important
additions to the field of Poe studies."--American Studies
International
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