Fictive Fathers in the Contemporary American Novel explores the unstable construction of heteronormative white masculinity in the contemporary United States by focusing on relationships between fathers and their children. Debra Shostak reads the novels of 18 North American writers publishing in the late 20th and early 21st centuries as allegories of cultural conflict and change within the nuclear family; the authors considered include Paul Auster, Don DeLillo, Jeffrey Eugenides, Jonathan Safran Foer, Jonathan Franzen, John Irving, Jonathan Lethem, Carole Maso, Bobbie Ann Mason, Cormac McCarthy, Claire Messud, Viet Thanh Nguyen, Tim O'Brien, Marilynne Robinson, Philip Roth, Mona Simpson, Jane Smiley, and Anne Tyler. These novelists portray father figures who, often literally or figuratively absent from the family scene, disrupt the familial order and their family members' identities. Shostak's close readings illuminate unexpectedly conservative, even subversive, ideological positions at the heart of these fictions. Fictive Fathers traces the eroding myth of paternal authority that sustained a patriarchal model within real American families and their literary representations.
Fictive Fathers in the Contemporary American Novel explores the unstable construction of heteronormative white masculinity in the contemporary United States by focusing on relationships between fathers and their children. Debra Shostak reads the novels of 18 North American writers publishing in the late 20th and early 21st centuries as allegories of cultural conflict and change within the nuclear family; the authors considered include Paul Auster, Don DeLillo, Jeffrey Eugenides, Jonathan Safran Foer, Jonathan Franzen, John Irving, Jonathan Lethem, Carole Maso, Bobbie Ann Mason, Cormac McCarthy, Claire Messud, Viet Thanh Nguyen, Tim O'Brien, Marilynne Robinson, Philip Roth, Mona Simpson, Jane Smiley, and Anne Tyler. These novelists portray father figures who, often literally or figuratively absent from the family scene, disrupt the familial order and their family members' identities. Shostak's close readings illuminate unexpectedly conservative, even subversive, ideological positions at the heart of these fictions. Fictive Fathers traces the eroding myth of paternal authority that sustained a patriarchal model within real American families and their literary representations.
Acknowledgments
1. Introduction
The Haunting
Theoretical Fathers
Historical Fathers
Storytelling after the Father
The Organization of the Book
2. Anxieties of Influence and the Decline of the
Patriarch
John Irving’s Family Romances—The World According to Garp
Jonathan Franzen's Fallen Father—The Corrections
3. Middle-class America at Mid-century
Jane Smiley and the Father Dethroned—A Thousand Acres
Anne Tyler: The Domestic Comedy of Home Economics and
Homesickness—Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant
Philip Roth’s Late Fathers—Everyman, Indignation, Nemesis
Marilynne Robinson’s Earthly Fathers—Gilead, Home, Lila
4. Desiring Daughters
Jeffrey Eugenides and the Odor of Cooped-up Girls—The Virgin
Suicides
Mona Simpson: He Was Only a man—The Lost Father
Carole Maso: The Art of Losing—The Art Lover
5. Searching Sons, the Word, and the Flesh
Paul Auster: The Body in/and the Text—City of Glass, Moon Palace,
Mr. Vertigo
Jonathan Lethem: Signifying Manqué—Motherless Brooklyn
6. The Father in the Apocalyptic Imagination—Part One:
The Environment
Don DeLillo: The Genealogical Imperative as Toxic Event—White
Noise
Cormac McCarthy: "There is no Book and your Fathers are Dead in the
Ground"—The Road
7. The Father in the Apocalyptic Imagination—Part Two:
Politics and 9/11
Philip Roth’s Orphans—The Plot Against America
Jonathan Safran Foer and the Fathers’ Fall—Extremely Loud and
Incredibly Close
Claire Messud and "Dad’s Thing"—The Emperor’s Children
8. Postmemory after the Patriarch: Narrating the War in
Vietnam
Bobbie Ann Mason at the Tomb of an Unknown Soldier—In Country
Tim O’Brien Among the Missing—In the Lake of the Woods
Viet Thanh Nguyen and Traumatic Representation—The Sympathizer
Notes
Works Cited
Index
Investigates the unstable construction of white masculinity in the United States through close analysis of father-child relationships in the novels of 18 American writers in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
Debra Shostak is Mildred Foss Thompson Professor of English Language and Literature at The College of Wooster, USA. She is the author of Philip Roth—Countertexts, Counterlives (2004) and editor of Philip Roth: American Pastoral, The Human Stain, The Plot Against America (Bloomsbury, 2011).
What does it mean to be a father? What does it mean to be a part of
a family? In Fictive Fathers, Debra Shostak exposes the fantasy of
the American middle-class family as it gives way to the demands of
the 21st century. This richly nuanced study of generational and
gendered familial dynamics paints a provocative portrait of the
shifting if often unsteady repositioning of patriarchal authority
in response to the changing social and political landscape of
American culture. In doing so, Shostak redefines the shape and
scaffolding of the American family, exposing both the limitations
and the seductions of the myth of the family in a culture that
welcomes and at the same time resists such a re-envisioning of
gender roles and the authority of the father.
*Victoria Aarons, O.R. & Eva Mitchell Distinguished Professor of
Literature, Trinity University, USA, and editor of The New Jewish
American Literary Studies (2019)*
Fictive Fathers in the Contemporary American Novel is by far the
best book in its field. It offers nuanced, revelatory readings of a
wide range of contemporary American fiction while at the same time
making a vital contribution to our understanding of the key issues
of our time: class, race, gender, and the relationship between
personal and national politics. It will be essential reading not
just for students and scholars of contemporary fiction but for
anyone interested in fatherhood and masculinity in post-war
America.
*David Brauner, Professor of Contemporary Literature, The
University of Reading, UK, and author of Contemporary American
Fiction (2010)*
Fictive Fathers is an exemplary study of a fascinating subject.
Shostak displays the critical acuity typical of all her work in
this analysis of missing and flawed fathers in postwar North
American fiction. Wide ranging in its choice of texts but firmly
focused on its central argument, this is a persuasive, engaging,
and authoritative account of the ways in which the myths of
fatherhood shape contemporary masculinity and family dynamics.
*Sarah Graham, Associate Professor in American Literature,
University of Leicester, UK*
Informed by a sophisticated deployment of psychoanalytic theory
backed with a supple sense of history, Debra Shostak’s important
Fictive Fathers in the Contemporary American Novel addresses an
impressive array of American novels to explore and challenge the
hetero-normative fantasy of normative Western manhood as the
symbolic center of the social order. A true feat of daring critical
range and virtuosity, this work is one of the best studies
available of the American novel in the post-World War II,
postmodern era.
*Timothy Parrish, Professor of Comparative Literature, University
of California, Davis, USA*
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