Attention and learning are two of the most important topics in contemporary cognitive psychology and behavioural neuroscience. Of even more interest is how the two interact. Meaningful stimuli and their meaningful effects are invariably embedded in a complex background of meaningless information. Yet, in order to learn about meaningful relationships between events, an organism needs to be able to extract the relevant from the irrelevant. The ability to direct
attention selectively to some stimuli and away from others is one fundamental mechanism by which this filtering of information can occur. But what controls this selective attention? Why are certain stimuli
selected and others rejected? What are the neural mechanisms underlying this ability? Are they the same in humans as in other animals? And what are the consequences of damage to this attentional system? These are the questions that this book aims to answer.The idea of an interaction between attention and learning has experienced a huge surge of interest in recent years. Advances in behavioural neuroscience have made it possible to investigate the neural basis of attention
mechanisms; advances in connectionist modelling techniques have allowed us to implement and test more complex computational models of the operation of these mechanisms; and recent studies have
implicated impairments in the ability to deploy selective attention appropriately in disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's Disease.This book brings together leading international learning and attention researchers to provide both a comprehensive and wide-ranging overview of the current state of knowledge of this area as well as new perspectives and directions for the future. There are coherent themes that run throughout the book, but there are also, inevitably,
fundamental disagreements between contributors on the role of attention in learning. Together, the views expressed in this book paint a picture of a vibrant and exciting area of psychological research,
and will be essential reading for researchers of learning and attention.
Attention and learning are two of the most important topics in contemporary cognitive psychology and behavioural neuroscience. Of even more interest is how the two interact. Meaningful stimuli and their meaningful effects are invariably embedded in a complex background of meaningless information. Yet, in order to learn about meaningful relationships between events, an organism needs to be able to extract the relevant from the irrelevant. The ability to direct
attention selectively to some stimuli and away from others is one fundamental mechanism by which this filtering of information can occur. But what controls this selective attention? Why are certain stimuli
selected and others rejected? What are the neural mechanisms underlying this ability? Are they the same in humans as in other animals? And what are the consequences of damage to this attentional system? These are the questions that this book aims to answer.The idea of an interaction between attention and learning has experienced a huge surge of interest in recent years. Advances in behavioural neuroscience have made it possible to investigate the neural basis of attention
mechanisms; advances in connectionist modelling techniques have allowed us to implement and test more complex computational models of the operation of these mechanisms; and recent studies have
implicated impairments in the ability to deploy selective attention appropriately in disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's Disease.This book brings together leading international learning and attention researchers to provide both a comprehensive and wide-ranging overview of the current state of knowledge of this area as well as new perspectives and directions for the future. There are coherent themes that run throughout the book, but there are also, inevitably,
fundamental disagreements between contributors on the role of attention in learning. Together, the views expressed in this book paint a picture of a vibrant and exciting area of psychological research,
and will be essential reading for researchers of learning and attention.
1: Chris J. Mitchell and Mike E. Le Pelley: An introduction to
attention and learning
2: John M Pearce and Nicholas J. Mackintosh: Two theories of
attention: A review and a possible integration
3: Geoffrey Hall and Gabriel Rodriguez: Attentional learning
4: Lee Hogarth, Anthony Dickinson and Theodora Duka: Selective
attention to conditioned stimuli in human discrimination learning:
Untangling the effects of outcome prediction, valence, arousal and
uncertainty
5: Nathan M. Holmes and Justin A. Harris: Latent inhibition
6: I.P.L. McLaren , A.J. Wills and S. Graham: Attention and
perceptual learning
7: Robert C. Honey, James Close & E. Lin: Acquired distinctiveness
and equivalence: A synthesis
8: M. E. Le Pelley: Attention and human associative learning
9: Philip Quinlan: On the use of the term 'attention'
10: Chris J. Mitchell: Attention and memory in human learning
11: JohnK.Kruschke and Stephen E. Denton: Backward blocking of
relevance-indicating cues:Evidence for locally eayesian
learning
12: Peter C. Holland and Jean-Marie Maddux: Brain systems of
attention in associative learning
13: David N. George, Anais M. Duffaud & Simon Killcross: Neural
correlates of attentional set
14: Adam Hampshire & Adrian M. Owen: Clinical studies of attention
and learning
Dr Mitchell studied for his BSc and PhD in psychology, and also
conducted 3 years of post-doctoral research, at University College
London (1987-1997). His PhD examined conditioning effects in cancer
chemotherapy using a rat model, and was supervised by Prof Cecelia
Heyes. His post-doc, also with Prof Heyes, concerned an
investigation of imitation in rats. Dr Mitchell then moved north to
the Wirral, where he worked for Unilever Research, Port Sunlight,
as a
consumer scientist. Since July 2000, he has worked in the School of
Psychology, University of New South Wales, Australia. His first
position was as a post doctoral research fellow with Prof Peter
Lovibond.
Dr Mitchell became a member of faculty in 2002. Throughout this
period, the focus of his research has been on human associative and
perceptual learning. Dr LePelly studied for his undergraduate
degree in Natural Sciences at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, and
carried on to complete his Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology
(investigating human associative learning) at the University of
Cambridge under the supervision of I. P. L. McLaren, graduating in
2002. He then held the Sir Alan Wilson Research
Fellowship at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, for just over two years
before taking up a lectureship in the School of Psychology at
Cardiff University in 2004, and he has been there ever since.
Throughout
this time his main research interests have been in the fields of
human and animal associative learning.
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